What type of conditioning involves learning through the consequences of behavior?

The type of conditioning that involves learning through the consequences of behavior is operant conditioning. This learning process is primarily focused on how behaviors are shaped and maintained by their consequences, which can include rewards or punishments. When a behavior is followed by a reinforcing stimulus (reward), it is more likely that the behavior will be repeated in the future. Conversely, if a behavior is followed by a punishing stimulus, it is less likely to be repeated.

Operant conditioning is distinct from classical conditioning, which involves learning through association between two stimuli rather than through consequences of behavior. Observational learning, on the other hand, occurs when an individual learns by observing and imitating others, rather than through direct consequences of their own actions. While behavioral conditioning is a broad term that could include both types, operant conditioning specifically highlights the role of consequences in shaping behavior. This is why operant conditioning is the correct answer in this context.